Things to See and Do in the Aragonese Pyrenees

With some of the most spectacular scenery in the entire Pyrenees, the magnificent Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park is the largest limestone massif in Western Europe.

This is a landscape of dramatic contrasts – arid upland plateaus carved by rain and meltwater into deep chasms, giving way to lush green valleys filled with forests, meadows, waterfalls, canyons, and ravines.

Towering above it all is Monte Perdido (3,355 m), presiding over the valleys of Ordesa, Pineta, Añisclo, and Escuaín, alongside the majestic Tres Sorores peaks. Much of the park is accessible only on foot, particularly after the snow melts in spring, when it becomes a paradise for walkers and nature lovers.

Spain’s first National Park (together with the Picos de Europa) and later declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Ordesa and Monte Perdido is home to many rare species of flora and fauna - a vast, natural botanical garden set in a breathtaking mountain landscape.

Romanesque art and architecture entered Spain via the Pyrenean route to Santiago and later spread throughout the country along the many Camino routes. Churches, monasteries, bridges, castles, towers, and towns now dominate the cultural landscape of the Aragonese Pyrenees, making these mountains a “must-visit” not only for sports enthusiasts but also for lovers of art and architecture.

The most famous religious monuments include the monasteries of San Juan de la Peña in the Jacetania region, San Pedro de Siresa in the Valle de Hecho, and the imposing Cathedral of Jaca, located in the centre of the town and considered the greatest Romanesque cathedral in Spain. It now houses the Diocesan Museum, featuring wonderful paintings rescued from smaller churches throughout the valleys.

Known as “the cradle of the Kingdom of Aragon” and crossed by the Aragonese Way, part of the Camino de Santiago, this area of the Pyrenees also boasts many other remarkable sites. These include the Castle of Loarre, one of the most important and best-preserved Romanesque castles in Europe, and the Route of Serrablo in the breathtaking Valle de Tena, a group of 14 churches dating from the 10th and 11th centuries.

Together, this exceptional collection of architectural treasures forms a truly remarkable example of medieval art, unique in the world.

The Pyrenees is an ornithological destination par excellence. From its Alpine peaks and meadows to the semi-arid steppes and inland lakes, it is home to a wide range of birds of prey and provides a safe habitat for the hordes of migratory birds passing through on their way to the warmer south.

Griffon vultures, red and black kites, golden eagles, alpine accentors, and lammergeiers, among others, can be observed while enjoying the breathtaking landscapes of the region, making any visit even more exciting.

In Aínsa - halfway between the Sierra de Guara, Monte Perdido, and the Ordesa and Posets-Maladeta Natural Parks - you can visit the Pyrenean Wildlife Eco Museum, run by the Lammergeier Conservation Foundation. The museum was created to promote the conservation of this fascinating bird and is a must-see for nature lovers.

Strategically located at the confluence of the rivers Cinca and Ara, between the Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park and the Sierra de Guara, this historic village stands at one of the most important crossroads of the Aragonese Pyrenees.

Its history dates back to 724, when Christians settled here fleeing from the Moors. The battles against the invaders led to a significant victory, commemorated every September during the Fiesta de la Morisma.

A stroll along the old streets reveals the village’s magnificent treasures. Don’t miss the main square, surrounded by stone-built arcaded houses, and the Iglesia de Santa María, a true jewel of Pyrenean Romanesque architecture, with stunning views from its tower.

The restored castle and its citadel now house the Foundation for the Conservation of the Lammergeier (Quebrantahuesos), well worth a visit and just one example of the area’s extraordinarily rich birdlife.

For most visitors, the main attraction remains the fantastic scenery and walking opportunities in this unspoilt paradise, where art and history are woven seamlessly into the landscape.

Declared one of Spain’s most beautiful towns, Moorish Alquézar – from the Arabic alqasr, meaning “the fortress” – offers the perfect blend of art, history, and nature.

The village is nestled within deep gorges patiently carved by the waters of the Vero River, at the foot of the Sierra de Guara, a paradise for adventure sports enthusiasts and birdwatchers alike. Architectural treasures such as the Iglesia de Santa María la Mayor, perched high on the rocks above the Vero River canyon, and the labyrinthine medieval Jewish Quarter reflect the rich multicultural past of this charming village – all the more fascinating when contrasted with Christian Aínsa, just a short distance away.

The Sierra de Guara, famous for its canyoning and resident vulture colonies, can be accessed via walkways leading directly from the town, offering a taste of this dramatic landscape – not to be missed!

Somontano, whose Latin roots mean “beneath the mountain,” is the Spanish Denominación de Origen for the wine produced in the county of the same name, at the foot of the Aragonese Pyrenees near Barbastro and Alquézar. Grapes have been cultivated here for centuries, influenced first by the Romans and their advanced techniques, and later maintained through the Middle Ages under the oversight of local monasteries.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, the region’s commitment to quality grape production, the arrival of new wineries, and the high standard of its wines led to the creation of the Denominación de Origen in 1984. Though not as widely known as Rioja, and with far less production, Somontano wines are considered among the best in Spain. Long celebrated for their full-bodied reds, the region’s bodegas now also produce some truly outstanding Chardonnays.

There are several notable bodegas in the area, including Viñas del Vero, Enate, Lalanne, Bodega Pirineos, and Laus. Some require advance booking and all have limited visiting hours, so it’s recommended to check their websites or consult your hotel for assistance. Another favourite is Edra, a young and adventurous winemaker near Ayerbe, outside the denomination, which pairs well with a visit to Loarre and the Mallos de Riglos.

Jacetania, the north-westernmost corner of Huesca Province, is one of the true highlights of any visit to the Pyrenees. Predominantly rural and virtually unspoilt, its dramatic mountain landscapes and outstanding heritage make it a region of remarkable beauty and authenticity.

Here, the high rocky massifs contrast sharply with the soft, fertile valleys of Ansó, Hecho and Tena, where communities have thrived for centuries. The area offers hiking trails for all levels, each promising unforgettable scenery and a sense of timeless tranquillity.

Wander through the Selva de Oza and Zuriza, or take in the breathtaking views from Boca del Infierno, and the gorges of Fago, Majones and Biniés - each a natural wonder in its own right. Don’t miss the chance to visit the charming mountain villages of Ansó, Santa Cruz de la Serós, Jaca, Aísa, Hecho, Fago and Siresa, all brimming with traditional architecture and Pyrenean character.

Accessed from the pretty mountain villages of Benasque and Plan, in the far north-eastern corner of the Aragonese Pyrenees, the Posets-Maladeta Natural Park is one of the most emblematic areas of the entire mountain range. The park spans altitudes from around 1,500 metres at the valley floor to 3,404 metres at the summit of Aneto - the highest peak in the Pyrenees.

Here, dramatic landscapes and rich natural diversity coexist in perfect harmony. The different ecosystems unfold with altitude, creating an extraordinary range of flora and fauna. Scattered across the park are countless small glacial lakes, or ibones, feeding crystal-clear mountain streams that flow down through the valleys.

This is a nature lover’s dream - a true paradise for walkers of all levels, as well as for mountaineers and adventure seekers drawn to its breathtaking scenery and untamed beauty.

In a privileged spot at the heart of the Tena Valley, Lacuniacha is a 30-hectare bio-park set on a beautiful mountainside, home to fourteen species of wild animals living in relative freedom.

Reindeer, Pyrenean chamois, European bison, mouflon, wolves and bears coexist with native animals and birdlife that naturally inhabit the park, which is open all year round. Several of these species are no longer found in the wild in this part of the Pyrenees, while others are rarely seen - though all were once native to these mountains.

A network of trails winds through the forest, offering visitors the chance to enjoy stunning views of the valley and to observe the animals in their natural surroundings. Visit in winter or spring, and you may even be able to complete the circuit on snowshoes!

Lacuniacha is without doubt a must for any family holiday in the Pyrenees - a wonderful way to experience the mountain landscape and learn about its wildlife, even if you’re travelling without children.

Considered the oldest fortified castle in Spain and one of the finest Romanesque fortresses in Europe, Loarre Castle is an absolute must-see on any trip to the Pyrenees.

Perched dramatically on a rocky outcrop above the village of Loarre, the castle commands superb panoramic views over the plains below. Built in the late 11th century on the remains of an ancient Roman fortress, it remains remarkably well preserved.

As you explore the outer walls, you’ll see how the structure rises seamlessly from the limestone ridge. Inside its walled enclosure lie a Romanesque monastery and church, complete with a crypt and beautifully carved capitals featuring Roman-inspired iconography.

Tip: If you’re visiting Loarre and the Mallos de Riglos area, it’s well worth taking a short detour to visit the excellent independent winemaker Edra, located just west of Ayerbe. Call ahead to check opening hours: +34 679 42 04 55.

This stunning set of rock formations - a true wonder of nature - is a paradise for climbers. With sheer vertical walls rising over 300 metres and visible from miles away, the Mallos de Riglos, located in the municipality of Las Peñas de Riglos at the foothills of the Aragonese Pyrenees, are also home to one of the largest colonies of griffon vultures in Europe.

Don’t miss the Arcaz Ornithological Observation Centre in Riglos, where you can observe red kites, eagles, owls, and vultures up close in their natural habitat.

If you’re in the mood for some adventure, nearby Murillo de Riglos is a top spot for white-water rafting, climbing, and other mountain activities, making this area a perfect combination of dramatic landscapes and outdoor thrills.

In the heart of the Aragonese Pyrenees, built directly into the mountain rock, the old Monastery of San Juan de la Peña is a true Medieval gem and an outstanding testament to the successive artistic styles developed in the region.

Its origins, steeped in history and legend, date back to the Moorish invasion, when the rugged mountains provided a safe refuge for hermit monks fleeing the Moors. The first building was erected in the 10th century, but the monastery’s golden era began in the following century when King Sancho Mayor of Navarra re-established it, endowing it with power and influence.

The exterior cloister is a masterpiece of Aragonese Romanesque, while later additions showcase Gothic and Neoclassical styles. A guided visit is highly recommended to fully appreciate this magnificent site and the rich history of the Kingdom of Aragon.

Known as Osca in Roman times and captured from the Moors in the 11th century, Huesca was the capital of the Kingdom of Aragon until the 12th century. Its magnificent Gothic cathedral, built on the site of a former mosque, is just one of the many monuments to explore during your stay. Opposite the cathedral, be sure to see the Renaissance town hall and the nearby Romanesque Iglesia de San Pedro el Viejo.

One of Spain’s smallest provincial capitals, Huesca is a compact and pleasant city to wander. Its old quarter reflects its long history, offering heritage sites alongside bustling bars and restaurants where you can enjoy delicious tapas paired with the finest wines from the Somontano region.

Another essential stop along the Aragonese section of the Pilgrims’ Route to Santiago, and the capital of the Jacetania, Jaca is known as the “pearl of the Pyrenees.” Its strategic location at a natural crossroads has made it an important control point of the Pyrenean highways, contributing to a prosperous economy since Roman times.

By the 11th century, Jaca had its own laws, cathedral, and citadel, eventually becoming the first capital of the Kingdom of Aragon. Its well-preserved monuments bear witness to its rich history.

The impressive Cathedral of Jaca, a National Monument, is one of the oldest Romanesque cathedrals on the Iberian Peninsula. While predominantly Romanesque, it also features Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque additions. The cathedral houses the Diocesan Museum, created to preserve medieval frescoes discovered in nearby Romanesque churches - a must-visit for art lovers.

Beyond the cathedral, Jaca offers many other notable monuments, including the 16th-century Citadel, the Town Hall, the Monastery of the Benedictine nuns, and the Clock Tower.

The city is also famed for its tapas and regional wines, which you can enjoy at lively bars and restaurants throughout Jaca. Be sure to visit La Tasca de Ana to try the local specialty, rodolfitos - you won’t regret it!

The capital city of Aragon, Zaragoza, is located on the banks of the mighty Ebro River.

With twenty centuries of history, the city boasts a rich legacy of monuments. From Roman ruins and Mudejar-style churches to the Baroque Basilica del Pilar - known in Spain as “La Pilarica,” named for the Virgin who appeared atop a pillar to St. James - Zaragoza also showcases modern, emblematic buildings constructed for the 2008 International Exposition. Here, every architectural style finds its place.

Zaragoza is a lively, bustling city with a vibrant cultural life. During Easter Week, the processions draw thousands of visitors, but the most popular celebrations are the Fiestas del Pilar in October - a nationally important festival and a perfect opportunity to experience the city’s traditions and regional folklore.

Recognised as the best-preserved 12th-century Romanesque town in Spain, Uncastillo remains virtually untouched by the passage of time. Once important due to its proximity to the Navarra border, the town’s significance waned after the unification of Spain, leaving it remarkably unchanged.

Not far from Uncastillo, Sos del Rey Católico - the birthplace of Fernando, the Catholic King - is also worth a visit. Like its neighbour, this ancient village retains all the charm of a medieval town. Considered one of the most important fortified villages of the 10th and 11th centuries, its strategic location makes it a natural fortress.

Wandering through its narrow, labyrinthine streets, visitors can admire stunning civic and religious buildings that testify to its glorious past. The surrounding natural landscape remains largely untouched, providing an excellent base for outdoor activities such as biking, trekking, birdwatching, and canoeing.

In the far west of Aragon, right on the border with Navarra and in stark contrast to the green rolling hills of the north and the vineyards of the pre-Pyrenees, we find Las Bardenas Reales, Europe’s northernmost desert - a dramatic landscape that looks straight out of a cowboy movie.

This Natural Park and UNESCO biosphere reserve is a truly unique environment. The best way to explore it is by mountain bike - bring your own, ask at your hotel, or rent one in nearby Arguedas. Alternatively, you can drive through and marvel at the scenery. In either case, clearly marked routes make it easy to get the most out of your visit.

Whichever way you choose to explore, don’t forget your camera!

At the foot of the emblematic Moncayo Mountain, Tarazona was a flourishing village in Roman times. Conquered by the Muslims in the 8th century and later by the Christians, it still preserves this rich history.

Don’t miss the Cathedral, with its fascinating blend of Gothic, Mudejar, Romanesque, and Renaissance styles, and take a stroll through the Jewish and Moorish old quarters.

Art lovers should also visit the tranquil Cistercian Monastery of Veruela, located 15 km southeast.

The Natural Park of the Sierra and the Canyons of Guara is renowned for its wide range of outdoor activities, particularly in its narrow gorges and fast-flowing rivers.

A prelude to the Huescan Pyrenees, the park is filled with stunning landscapes sculpted by the action of water. Rivers of vibrant turquoise run through deep canyons and ravines, forming impressive waterfalls, siphons, and caves.

Among all the activities on offer, canyoning is the highlight. Several local companies provide professional services to ensure you get the most out of your visit.

Considered the most important Romanesque monument in Navarre and one of Spain’s most attractive medieval sites, this imposing monastery houses the pillars of the old Kingdom and the pantheon of its first kings.

The guided tour offers the chance to explore the monastery’s treasures, including the coffer holding the remains of Navarre’s first kings, the beautiful "Porta Speciosa" doorway, the carving of St. María de Leyre, and the spectacular crypt, the oldest example of Romanesque art on the Iberian Peninsula.

Monastic life continues at Leyre, and after more than a thousand years, Gregorian chants can still be heard, creating a unique atmosphere. Surrounded by woodlands and offering spectacular views of the nearby Yesa reservoir, it is a wonderful place to enjoy both nature and art.

Crenelated towers visible from a distance signal your approach to the castle.

Birthplace of the Jesuit Saint Francisco Javier, patron saint of Navarre, the Castillo de Javier stands on a rocky outcrop, emphasizing its role as a fortress. Its origins date back to the 10th century, when a watchtower (torre del homenaje) was built, later expanded with additional structures.

Saint Javier remains an important figure in Navarre, and every March, thousands of pilgrims participate in Las Javieradas, a penitential pilgrimage to the castle chapel. Visitors can cross the drawbridge to explore the castle’s dungeons, machicolations, embrasures, and arrow slits, all carefully preserved through restoration.